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Howard Atwood Kelly (February 20, 1858January 12, 1943) was an American male gynecologist, one of the "Big Four" founding professors at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland.〔(''Baylor Health'', Volume 23, Number 4, pages 377–388, 2010 )〕 He is credited with establishing gynecology as a true specialty, by developing new surgical approaches to women only diseases and through pathological research.〔(Johns Hopkins Medicine: The Four Founding Professors )〕 ==Career== He was born at Camden, New Jersey and educated at the University of Pennsylvania, where he graduated B.A. in 1877 and M.D. in 1882. He was for some years a member of the faculty of medicine at McGill University. After completing his medical education, he went to Kensington where he choose to practice gynecology. Dr. Kelly visited the best surgeons of abdominal and pelvic operations in Europe before returning to the University of Pennsylvania. In 1888–89, he returned to the University of Pennsylvania, to become associate professor of obstetrics. While in Philadelphia he founded Kensington Hospital for Women.〔Medical Archives, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute: (Howard A. Kelly )〕 In 1889 at the age of 31 he was hired to be the first professor of gynecology and obstetrics at Johns Hopkins University and gynecological surgeon at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The other "Big Four" founders were William Osler, Professor of Medicine, hired from Pennsylvania in 1889 as well; William Stewart Halsted, Professor of Surgery; and William H. Welch, Professor of Pathology. During his 30-year career at Hopkins he created new surgical approaches to women's diseases and invented numerous medical devices, including the cystoscope. He was one of the first to use radium to treat cancer, founding the Kelly Clinic in Baltimore, one of the country's leading centers for radiation therapy at that time.〔 At Johns Hopkins, Kelly was responsible for organizing the courses, lectures, and clinical work for the medical students.〔 In 1888–89, he returned to the University of Pennsylvania, to become associate professor of obstetrics. Some of Dr. Kelly’s notable contributions were using a wax-tipped catheter to detect ureteral calculi and altering the operation for an umbilical hernia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Howard Atwood Kelly」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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